[ Article crossposted from bionet.software.www ]
[ Author was Nicole Redaschi ]
[ Posted on Mon, 24 Apr 1995 09:21:17 GMT ]
********************************************************************************
Installation of SRSWWW under CERN httpd 3.0
Part 1: Installation of CERN WWW Server
********************************************************************************
This documentation is a "cookbook recipe" for the installation of CERN httpd 3.0
on UNIX platforms using precompiled binaries. It contains step-by-step
instructions for the basic (!) setup of the CERN http server. For more detailed
informations read the CERN Server Guide (see below).
1. Getting Informations and the Program
---------------------------------------
Go to the directory where you want to install the http server (in this example
called "WWW").
% cd WWW
The CERN server distribution is available from the "ftp.w3.org" anonymous ftp
account. At the date of this writing, informations about the CERN http deamon
are located in the directory "pub/www/doc": look for the files
"cern-httpd-guide.ps.Z" and "cern-httpd-docs.tar.Z" and 'get' them. The first
is a PostScript version of the CERN Server User Guide, the second is a directory
comprising a set of HTML documents for the WWW version of the Guide. In this
example, the WWW version of the Guide will be used to test the successful
installation of the server.
To get the httpd binaries you have to go to the directory "pub/www/bin". From
there, go to the subdirectory corresponding to your machine architecture (eg.
"osf1" if you have an osf1 machine), 'get' the files "cern_httpd_3.0.tar.Z" and
"cern_httpd_utils_3.0.tar.Z" and 'quit'.
% ftp ftp.w3.org
Name: anonymous
Password:
ftp> cd pub/www/doc
ftp> ls -lsa
ftp> get cern-httpd-guide.ps.Z
ftp> get cern-httpd-docs.tar.Z
ftp> cd ../bin
ftp> ls -lsa
ftp> cd osf1
ftp> ls -lsa
ftp> get cern_httpd_3.0.tar.Z
ftp> get cern_httpd_utils_3.0.tar.Z
ftp> quit
Uncompress all files and untar the tar files. "cern-httpd-docs.tar.Z" will form
the directory "httpd_docs"; "cern_httpd_3.0.tar.Z" together with
"cern_httpd_utils_3.0.tar.Z" will form the common directory tree "cern_httpd_3.0".
% uncompress cern-httpd-guide.ps.Z
% uncompress cern-httpd-docs.tar.Z
% uncompress cern_httpd_3.0.tar.Z
% uncompress cern_httpd_utils_3.0.tar.Z
% tar xvf cern-httpd-docs.tar
% tar xvf cern_httpd_3.0.tar
% tar xvf cern_httpd_utils_3.0.tar
2. Customizing the http Configuration File
------------------------------------------
In the subdirectory "config" of your new directory "cern_httpd_3.0" you will
find example configuration files. Keep the originals and work on a copy!
The "httpd.conf" file is for a regular http server, the "caching.conf" file is
for a proxy server and has the advantage that it allows caching. Below are
examples of customized versions of the "httpd.conf" and "caching.conf"
configuration files. The edited parts are given between pairs of wavy lines
(#~~~~~~). Follow these examples to customize your configuration file.
EXAMPLE
------------------------------ "httpd.conf"-begin ------------------------------
#
# Sample configuration file for cern_httpd for running it
# as a normal HTTP server.
#
# See:
# <http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/Daemon/User/Config/Overview.html>
#
# for more information.
#
# Written by:
# Ari Luotonen April 1994 <luotonen at dxcern.cern.ch>
#
#
# Set this to point to the directory where you unpacked this
# distribution, or wherever you want httpd to have its "home"
#
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# ServerRoot /where/ever/server_root
ServerRoot /AbsolutePath.../WWW/httpd_docs
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#
# The default port for HTTP is 80; if you are not root you have
# to use a port above 1024; good defaults are 8000, 8001, 8080
#
Port 80
#
# General setup; on some systems, like HP, nobody is defined so
# that setuid() fails; in those cases use a different user id.
#
UserId nobody
GroupId nogroup
#
# Logging; if you want logging uncomment these lines and specify
# locations for your access and error logs
#
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# AccessLog /where/ever/httpd-log
AccessLog /AbsolutePath.../WWW/log/httpd-access
# ErrorLog /where/ever/httpd-errors
ErrorLog /AbsolutePath.../WWW/log/httpd-error
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
LogFormat Common
LogTime LocalTime
#
# User-supported directories under ~/public_html
#
UserDir public_html
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# The Map-directive maps a virtual URL into a physical path in your file
# system. In this example, URLs starting with /httpd-internal-icons/* will
# be mapped to the path /cern_icons/*. This address will be passed to the
# Exec- and Pass-directives that follow.
#
Map /httpd-internal-icons/* /cern_icons/*
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#
# Scripts; URLs starting with /cgi-bin/ will be understood as
# script calls in the directory /your/script/directory
#
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Exec /cgi-bin/* /your/script/directory/*
Exec /cgi-bin/* /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/cgi-bin/*
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#
# URL translation rules; If your documents are under /local/Web
# then this single rule does the job:
#
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Pass /* /local/Web/*
Pass /* /AbsolutePath.../WWW/httpd_docs/*
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
------------------------------ "httpd.conf"-end --------------------------------
EXAMPLE
---------------------------- "caching.conf"-begin ------------------------------
#
# Sample configuration file for cern_httpd for running it
# as a proxy server WITH caching.
#
# See:
# <http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/Daemon/User/Config/Overview.html>
#
# for more information.
#
# Written by:
# Ari Luotonen April 1994 <luotonen at dxcern.cern.ch>
#
#
# Set this to point to the directory where you unpacked this
# distribution, or wherever you want httpd to have its "home"
#
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# ServerRoot /where/ever/server_root
ServerRoot /AbsolutePath.../WWW/httpd_docs
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#
# Set the port for proxy to listen to
#
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Port 8080
Port 80
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#
# General setup; on some systems, like HP, nobody is defined so
# that setuid() fails; in those cases use a different user id.
#
UserId nobody
GroupId nogroup
#
# Logging; if you want logging uncomment these lines and specify
# locations for your access and error logs
#
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# AccessLog /where/ever/httpd-log
AccessLog /AbsolutePath.../WWW/log/httpd-access
ProxyAccessLog /AbsolutePath.../WWW/log/proxy-access
CacheAccessLog /AbsolutePath.../WWW/log/proxy-cache
# ErrorLog /where/ever/httpd-errors
ErrorLog /AbsolutePath.../WWW/log/proxy-error
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
LogFormat Common
LogTime LocalTime
#
# Proxy protections; if you want only certain domains to use
# your proxy, uncomment these lines and specify the Mask
# with hostname templates or IP number templates:
#
# Protection PROXY-PROT {
# ServerId YourProxyName
# Mask @(*.cern.ch, 128.141.*.*, *.ncsa.uiuc.edu)
# }
# Protect * PROXY-PROT
#
# Pass the URLs that this proxy is willing to forward.
#
Pass http:*
Pass ftp:*
Pass gopher:*
Pass wais:*
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#
# If you want to run a regular http server at the same time, add the
# following rules (see the above example for the "http.conf" file)
#
Map /httpd-internal-icons/* /cern_icons/*
Exec /cgi-bin/* /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/cgi-bin/*
Pass /* /AbsolutePath.../WWW/httpd_docs/*
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#
# Enable caching, specify cache root directory, and cache size
# in megabytes
#
Caching On
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# CacheRoot /your/cache/root/dir
CacheRoot /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cache_root
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CacheSize 5
#
# Specify absolute maximum for caching time
#
CacheClean * 2 months
#
# Specify the maximum time to be unused
#
CacheUnused http:* 2 weeks
CacheUnused ftp:* 1 week
CacheUnused gopher:* 1 week
#
# Specify default expiry times for ftp and gopher;
# NEVER specify it for HTTP, otherwise documents generated by
# scripts get cached which is usually a bad thing.
#
CacheDefaultExpiry ftp:* 10 days
CacheDefaultExpiry gopher:* 2 days
#
# Garbage collection controls; daily garbage collection at 3am;
#
Gc On
GcDailyGc 3:00
---------------------------- "caching.conf"-end --------------------------------
3. Creating Directories and Symbolic Links
-----------------------------------------
If you are not interested in logging information, just leave the corresponding
part as it is in the original configuration files. If you copied one of the
customized example files above, go to your directory "WWW" and create the
subdirectory "log":
% cd WWW
% mkdir log
If you want to run a proxy server with caching, you also had to indicate the
"CacheRoot" directory, which is "/AbsolutePath.../WWW/cache_root" in the given
example. Create the corresponding directory:
% mkdir cache-root
In the customized configuration files, the Pass-directive for the regular http
server will map all URLs to the directory "/AbsolutePath.../WWW/httpd_docs"
(which is the "ServerRoot" directory). If certain URLs have to be mapped to a
different directory, you have to do two things:
1. go to your "ServerRoot" directory and add a symbolic link pointing to
the respective directory
2. to your httpd configuration file, add a Map-directive which maps all
URLs that start with a certain path to that symbolic link
Eg. the Map-directive "Map /httpd-internal-icons/* /cern_icons/*" maps all URLs
starting with "/httpd-internal-icons/*" to the symbolic link "cern_icons", which
shall point to the directory "/AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/icons/". For
this to work, you have to add the symbolic link "cern_icons", pointing to the
directory "/AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/icons/", to the "ServerRoot"
directory.
% cd WWW/httpd_docs
% ln -s /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/icons cern_icons
4. Trying It Out in Verbose Mode
--------------------------------
In order to check whether everything has been set correctly, start the http
server by hand in verbose mode and look what happens when you make a request
with your browser. You have to indicate the path of your http configuration file
with the command line option "-r". Test servers are typically run on a non-
priviledged port above 1024, often 8001, 8080, or such (the official http port
is 80). The server port is defined in the configuration file by the Port-
directive, but you can override it with the command line option "-p" while
testing it.
% cd WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/bin
% httpd -v -r /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/config/httpd.conf -p 8080
or:
% httpd -v -r /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/config/caching.conf -p 8080
Now, start your browser and open the URL http://your_server:8080. If everything
works fine you should get the CERN "index.html" (-> "Guide.html") page as a
Welcome page. There you can read more details about CERN httpd 3.0.
5. Stand-Alone Installation
---------------------------
If you are done with testing, stop the test run. Before starting the http server
in stand-alone mode, change the protection of the two directories "log" and
"cache_root" to allow access by "nobody".
% chmod -R 777 log
% chmod -R 777 cache_root
For the actual installation of httpd in stand-alone mode, you need to create
a new startup file. Go to the directory where you keep your system startup files
and set up a new file "S_httpd" as described below.
----------------------------- "S_httpd"-begin ----------------------------------
#!/sbin/sh
if [ -f /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/bin/httpd ] ; then
if [ -f /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/config/httpd.conf ] ; then
echo "Starting httpd"
(/AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_httpd_3.0/bin/httpd -r /AbsolutePath.../WWW/cern_
httpd_3.0/config/httpd.conf) &> /dev/console
else
echo "Problem with configuration file: no httpd started"
fi
else
echo "Problem with httpd image: no httpd started"
fi
----------------------------- "S_httpd"-end ------------------------------------
Change the protection of the new startup file, then start it.
# chmod 744 S_httpd
# S_httpd
If you did everything correctly, you will get the message "Starting httpd".
Have fun!
Nicole Redaschi
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Nicole Redaschi <redaschi at biox.embnet.unibas.ch>
Biocomputing-Biozentrum der Universitaet Basel-Klingelbergstr.70-CH 4056 Basel
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